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关于众所周知，大气层外没有地球上的重力，但卫星是如何打“水漂”的啊？众所周知，水是万物之源？
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众所周知，大气层外没有地球上的重力，但卫星是如何打“水漂”的啊？众所周知，水是万物之源？

众所周知，大气层外没有地球上的重力，但卫星是如何打“水漂”的啊？众所周知，水是万物之源？

文新华

深入成就深度

1年前

1、众所周知，大气层外没有地球上的重力，但卫星是如何打“水漂”的啊？

“大气层外没有重力”的看法不正确的。万有引力定律，引力与距离的平方成反比。在公式中只是两物质的质量不为零。距离再远都不为零。这是数学常识。所以只有在离地球无穷远处重力为零。地球大气外，没有空气阻力。

2、众所周知，水是万物之源？

众所周知，水是万物之源，是包括人类在内所有生命生存的重要资源，也是生物体最重要的组成部分。我们每天都离不开水，每天早晨起床后喝一杯水也是一直以来的健康常识，但有人认为早晨空腹喝水对身体健康不利，特别是凉开水。

3、SECTION 2 Optional Translation (20 points) 众所周知，鸟无翅膀不能飞...

正确答案：As everyone knows birds cannot fly without wings and a person cannot walk without legs. But for Yin Xiaoxing while birds cannot fly without wings a person can walk even without legs! Born in 1970 into a farmer"s family in Jiangsu Province Yin Xiaoxing suffered from polio and acute pneumonia at the age of only eight months. He survived but lost the ability to stand on his feet. Because of his disability Xiaoxing had to give up his study after junior middle school. The burden of life seemed to be especially heavy for him. He tried to make a living by selling fruits raising chickens and taking pains to learn traditional Chinese medicine. At the age of 21 this young man with a map and a compass in hand embarked on the hard journey of traveling around China in his wheelchair. In the last 12 years Yin Xiaoxing traveled a total of 70000 kilometers in his wheelchair and left his footprints in 31 provinces municipalities and autonomous regions. During this period he wore out four wheelchairs. He left a trail of human records including climbing more than 20 famous mountains like Mount Tai Mount Hua and Mount Heng with his hands crossing the 5231-meter-high Mount Tanggula alone traveling along the Silk Road in wheelchair crossing the Taklimakan Desert getting to the top of the Oriental Pearl TV Tower in Shanghai with his hands and completing the journey from the desert to Hong Kong. As everyone knows, birds cannot fly without wings and a person cannot walk without legs. But for Yin Xiaoxing, while birds cannot fly without wings, a person can walk even without legs! Born in 1970 into a farmer"s family in Jiangsu Province, Yin Xiaoxing suffered from polio and acute pneumonia at the age of only eight months. He survived but lost the ability to stand on his feet. Because of his disability, Xiaoxing had to give up his study after junior middle school. The burden of life seemed to be especially heavy for him. He tried to make a living by selling fruits, raising chickens and taking pains to learn traditional Chinese medicine. At the age of 21, this young man, with a map and a compass in hand, embarked on the hard journey of traveling around China in his wheelchair. In the last 12 years, Yin Xiaoxing traveled a total of 70,000 kilometers in his wheelchair and left his footprints in 31 provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions. During this period, he wore out four wheelchairs. He left a trail of human records including climbing more than 20 famous mountains like Mount Tai, Mount Hua and Mount Heng with his hands, crossing the 5,231-meter-high Mount Tanggula alone, traveling along the Silk Road in wheelchair, crossing the Taklimakan Desert, getting to the top of the Oriental Pearl TV Tower in Shanghai with his hands, and completing the journey from the desert to Hong Kong. 解析：1．鸟无翅膀不能飞，人无双腿却能走。While birds cannot fly without wings, a per son can walk even without legs．理解结构采分点。原文中使用了“却”字，因此，译文应是状语从句，用while连接。 2．虽然最终保住了命，他却再也不能站立。He survived but lost the ability to stand on his feet．理解结构采分点。原句是复句，译文可译成一个简单句，使两个动词并列，这样译文简洁。也可直接按照原文翻译成让步状语从句：Though he survived, he lost the ability to stand on his feet． 3．因为身体残疾，初中毕业后小星不得不辍学。Because of his disability, Xiaoxing had to give up his study after junior middle school．理解结构采分点。摆脱原文的句式，使用介词短语Because of his disability作状语，译成简单句。 4．生存的压力对他来说显得格外沉重，他贩过水果，养过鸡，还下工夫学习过中医。The burden of life seemed to be especially heavy for him. He tried to make a living by selling fruits, raising chickens and taking pains to learn traditional Chinese medicine．理解结构采分点。使用断句法翻译此句。原文的一个句子，可以译成两个英文句子。文中的“贩水果，养鸡，学习中医”的目的是为了生存，因此，为了译文表述更完整、译出内在含义，加上tried to make a living更佳，同时，把“贩水果，养鸡，学习中医”译成介词短语作方式状语更符合英语习惯。 5．在他21岁的时候，这个年轻人竟怀揣一幅地图，手持一个指南针，摇着轮椅踏上了走遍全中国的艰难路途。At the age of 21, this young man, with a map and a compass in hand, embarked on the hard journey of traveling around China in his Wheelchair．理解结构采分点。在翻译原文中的三个连动词“揣、持和摇”时，可译成介词短语作伴随状语。这种对句子结构的改变是符合英语习惯的。 6．省、市、自治区province, municipality and autonomous region。基本素质采分点。这是中国最重要的三种省级行政区，往下有city，county，town，and village属于译者必备常识。 7．他实现了徒手攀登泰山、华山、衡山等20多座名山，孤身翻越海拔5231米的唐古拉山，手摇轮椅走过丝绸之路，穿越塔克拉玛干(Taklimakan)大沙漠，徒手攀登上海东方明珠电视塔，圆满完成从沙漠到香港的旅行。He left a trail of human records including climbing more than 20 famous mountains like Mount Tai, Mount Hua and Mount Heng with his hands, crossing the 5,231-meter-high Mount Tanggula alone, traveling along the Silk Road in wheelchair, crossing the Taklimakan Desert, getting to the top of the Oriental Pearl TV Tower in Shanghai with his hands, and completing the journey from the desert to Hong Kong．理解结构采分点。原句是典型的连动式表达法。翻译此类句式时，通常只把其中的一个动词译成动词，原文中其余的动词都泽成现在分词，最后一个现在分词要用and连接，从而构成一个英语简单句。 8．泰山，华山、衡山、唐古拉山Mount Tai，Mount Hua and Mount Heng，Mount Tanggula。基本素质采分点。这是目前公认的表达方法。注意，这里足不用定冠词的。这里捉到的都是中国的山峰也可以用汉语拼音拼出，但涉及到在国际上知名的山峰就要按照约定俗成的原则。 9．丝绸之路 the Silk Road。基本素质采分点。专有名词，不用担心引起误解，这是国际上的固定表达法，需要译者平时积累这方面的知识。 10．上海东方明珠电视塔 the Oriental Pearl TV Tower in Shanghai。基本素质采分点。专有名词，这里需要注意的是对“东方”的翻译，不要误用汉语拼音来代替，因为这是国际著名的一个建筑。